Nobel Laureates in Medicine or Physiology: a biographical dictionary

نویسنده

  • W. F. Bynum
چکیده

Weale (London) is not the first to be fascinated by Leonardo da Vinci's notes and drawings concerning the eye, the brain, and vision; but as he totally neglects earlier theories and observations (and historical work as relevant as David C. Lindberg's), he is unable to give any valid historical assessment. Strangely enough, he attributes the first correct description of the inverted retinal image to Bishop Berkeley (1708/09), blandly ignoring Johannes Kepler (1604). Albert (Boston) and Blodi (Iowa City) describe carefully the life and work of Georg Joseph Beer (1762-1821) of Vienna, the first professor of ophthalmology at any university. Their critical evaluation of Beer's teachings is perhaps somewhat too strongly influenced by the modern ophthalmologist's "knowing it better". Erroneously, they attribute the invention of iridectomy-the surgical formation of a new pupil when the natural one is obstructed-to Beer instead of William Cheselden. Jaeger (Heidelberg) draws a concise picture of his compatriot Theodor Leber (1840-1917) as a founder of experimental ophthalmology. Leber was essentially a biologist; the eye just served him as an extremely useful object for biological research-as it had already done for Virchow and others. Some valuable papers come from the Netherlands. Van Nouhuys (Nijmegen) discusses the lacrimal surgery of Peter Camper, while the contributions of Donders's most influential Utrecht school to the development of ophthalmoscopy and tonometry are described by den Tonkelaar, Henkes, and van Leersum (Utrecht and Rotterdam). The book is excellently printed and more than generously illustrated. Unfortunately, the price is rather prohibitive. Otherwise, the book will, despite its shortcomings, prove useful to medical historians interested in the fine science of ophthalmology.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Medical History

دوره 35  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1991